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Sun Damage-Skin Cancer: The Latest in Prevention and Treatment
Learn about UV radiation and how to protect yourself, your children and grandchildren.
Did you suffer from too much sun exposure in your youth? If you think it's too late for you, read on to find out how you can reverse the
"sun uglies". Let's start by learning the differences between Moles, Actinic Keratosis, Basal Cell, Squamous Cell and Melanoma.
Let's go over the risk factors. What makes some people more prone to skin cancers? Are your Grandchildren properly protected with sunscreen? What can you do now to prevent damage later?
Major source damaging effects of sunlight comes from UVB and UVA rays (ultraviolet spectrum 290
- 400 nm range wavelengths). Unsure of
infrared.
UVA (black light) 95% of ultraviolet energy reaching earth:
- also used in tanning beds (reputation of safe)
- recent studies show UVA presents significant risk
- penetrates deeper than UVB
- can aggravate the carcinogenic effects of UVB
UVA contributes SUBSTANTIALLY to chronic sun damage, WRINKLING and believe it or not can cause effects on the immune system
UVB ( 5% of UV Photons)
- is the most important sunlight component for human skin
- is the major contributor to melanoma and non melanoma skin cancers
- because of its depth of penetration, it is reactive with our molecular structure in such a way to make it the most lethal:
- causing cellular damage
- alterations in immune function
- photo aging
- DNA damage
- carcinogenesis
Lets start out with Sun Burn ACUTE EXPOSURE, a term applied to red, painful skin following sun exposure:
- delayed UVB response
- increase in blood flow
- 4hrs after peaks at 8-24 hours
- damage is occurring at cellular level causing vascular reaction
- swelling however, marker for SEVERE UV damage
Move on to chronic exposure:
- intrinsic aging
- blotchy pigmentation
- Telangectasia
- thinning skin
- loss of elasticity
Is this enough to make you cover up??????
Summer is coming, are you prepared???
- Hyper pigmentation hyper pigmented lesions most common darker skin types
- Hypo pigmentation seen in chronic sun exposed skin
- blotchy uneven skin tones in fair skin types (uneven distribution of
Melanocytes
- Solar Lentigens are well defined patches of heavy exposure, children, young adults and older individuals
- UVA sagging and wrinkling
- loss of elasticity
- thin, hemorrhagic skin (senile purpura)
- tiny blood vessels/capillaries
- Immune system suppress resident epidermal T-cell population
What are my risk factors?
Melanoma:
- primarily of light complected individuals
- lack of melanin which is UV protectant
- In skin types 4-5 incidence (Indian) decreases substantially o.2 per 100,000
- In Australia incidence is 30 per 100,000
- US Caucasians 12 per 100,000 Chinese, Japanese 1 per 100,000
Sun lamp users before 1980 have greater incidence
Sun Protectants:
- avoidance
- 11am-1pm highest levels
- clothing (denim most)
- (experiment hold up to light)
- Wide brim hats
Sunscreens
- SPF (sun protection factor) of 15 plus
- choose based on number of exposed hours
- fairness of skin
- Location of application of sunscreens
- ears and lips most common location
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